Adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma and large-cell carcinoma are the most common NSCLC types. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80–90% of lung cancers, whereas small cell lung cancer has been declining in many countries in the last two decades. Lung cancer is the second most frequent malignancy and the most common cause of cancer death in both sexes worldwide. Their combined analysis may help to identify patients with worse OS. ConclusionĬTCs and high PD-L1 + sEV concentration correlated with PFS and OS, but not ctDNA mutations. The mutational statuses of ctDNA and tumour tissue were significantly correlated ( P = 0.0001). The combination analysis highlighted worse prognosis for patients with CTCs and high PD-L1 + sEV concentration (HR = 7.65, 95% CI = 3.11–18.83, P < 0.001). The interaction analysis suggested that PD-L1 + sEV correlation with PFS changed in function of CTC presence/absence ( P interaction = 0.036). ResultsĪt least one ctDNA mutation was detected in 37% of patients. PD-L1 expression was assessed in small EVs (sEVs) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CtDNA mutations were identified using the UltraSEEK™ Lung Panel (MassARRAY® technology). Plasma samples of 54 advanced NSCLC patients from a prospective clinical trial. This study investigated whether they predict prognosis, alone or in combination, in heterogenous unbiased non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Circulating tumour cells (CTCs), circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are minimally invasive liquid biopsy biomarkers.
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